SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE BOREAL FOREST
COMPETING REALITIES: The Boreal Forest at Risk
Manitoba: Allocation of the boreal forest to industry and amount of protected status forest. Estimates made from various sources of data.
1. Ownership of the Boreal predominately forest Forest Region landbase1.
Ownership | Hectares | |
Federal Crown | 306,020 | |
First Nation (IR) | 156,079 | |
Provincial Crown | 27,555,273 | |
Municipal | 109,511 | |
Non-Industrial private | 1,772,317 | |
Total | 29,899,200 | |
2. Amount of landbase converted or seriously degraded (e.g., converted to cropland, urbanization, pasture); assume reasonably approximated by municipal and non-industrial private. |
1,881,828 |
|
3. Amount of boreal forest landbase that remains. | 28,017,372 | |
4. Amount of boreal forest allocated to the forest industry.
|
17,607,819 |
|
5. Percentage of boreal forest landbase allocated to the forest industry. a.
Of the original boreal forest 58.9%. |
||
6. Amount of boreal forest in which logging, mining and hydro-electric
development cannot occur5. a. Of the original boreal forest 4.0%6. |
1,193,562 |
1
Source: K. Power, Canadian Forest Service. Hectares exclusive of large water land class.2
The Manitoba Forest Zone encompasses almost the entire boreal predominately forest region plus some of the boreal forest and barren forest region.3
Source: Manitobas Forest Plan Towards Ecosystems Based Management (1995); exclusive of the Aspen Parkland forest section. Recent and pending allocations not included (significant allocation of hardwoods has occurred since 1994 (Repap Manitoba Inc. Forest Management Plan. 1996.); a significant allocation of softwoods to Pine Falls Paper Company is pending). The great majority of unallocated volume is inaccessible therefore the analysis does not reflect regional allocation levels. For example, "The Mountain Forest Section accounts for the largest percentage of the provincial AAC, with 17% of the available harvest volume from Open Zone provincial Crown land. This forest section is currently fully committed to forest operations." (Five Year Report on the Status of Forestry. 1996).4
Estimates do not account for netdown of landbase (e.g., Manitoba "Natural Areas; economically, environmentally or physically inaccessible forest lands; non-productive land class).5
Hectares are for Natural Regions 4a, 4b, 4c, 5a, 5b, 5c and 7. Source: World Wildlife Fund database; B. Watkins, Manitoba Natural Resources.6
Estimate does not include recent announcements granting interim protection to Long Point, Chitek Lake or Poplar River. Inclusion of Long Point and Chitek Lake will increase the level to 4.7%; Poplar River (792,000 ha) should substantially increase the level; however, the final hectares of the area may be considerably less.Saskatchewan: Allocation of the boreal forest to industry and amount of protected status forest. Estimates made from various sources of data.
1. Ownership of the Boreal predominately forest Forest Region landbase1.
Ownership | Hectares | |
Federal Crown | 339,511 | |
First Nation (IR) | 85,486 | |
Provincial Crown | 27,945,309 | |
Non-Industrial private | 354 | |
Unspecified private | 1,281,365 | |
Unclassified | 584,883 | |
Total | 30,236,908 | |
2. Amount of landbase converted or seriously degraded (e.g.,converted to cropland, urbanization, pasture); assume reasonably approximated by non-industrial and unspecified private. | 1,281,699 |
|
3. Amount of boreal forest landbase that remains. | 28,955,209 | |
4 Amount of boreal forest landbase allocated to the forest industry2.
Therefore approximately 77% of the area of the Commercial Forest Zone would be allocated to industry3. |
9,933,000 |
|
5. Percentage of boreal forest allocated to the forest industry4. a. Of the original boreal forest 32.9%. b. Of the remaining boreal forest 34.3%. |
||
6. Amount of boreal forest in which logging, mining and hydro-electric
development cannot occur5. a. Of the original boreal forest 6.8%. |
2,058,842 |
|
1
Source: K. Power, Canadian Forest Service.2
State of the Resource Report. 1993.3
Estimates do not account for netdown of landbase (e.g., Saskatchewan Representative Areas, other non-forest land class).4
Allocation has occurred exclusively or almost exclusively in the Boreal Plain ecozone. Estimate does not include recent pending allocation and reallocation.5
Hectares are for the Boreal Shield and Boreal Plain ecozones. Source: World Wildlife Fund database; N. Cherney, Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management.Alberta: Allocation of the boreal forest to industry and amount of protected status forest. Estimates made from various sources of data.
1. Ownership of the Boreal predominately forest Forest Region landbase1.
Ownership | Hectares | |
Federal Crown | 3,632,654 | |
First Nation (IR) | 173,419 | |
Provincial Crown | 33,262,955 | |
Municipal | 23,609 | |
Unspecified private | 2,554,061 | |
Unclassified | 1,661,073 | |
Total | 41,307,771 | |
2.Amount of landbase converted or seriously degraded (e.g., converted to cropland, urbanization, pasture); assume reasonably approximated by municipal, unspecified private and unclassified |
4,238,743 |
|
3. Amount of boreal forest landbase that remains | . | 37,069,028 |
. | ||
4. Amount of boreal forest landbase allocated to the forest industry | . | |
a. Green Zone Provincial Crown land | 33,262,955 | |
b. Less Green Zone land for which no annual allowable cut has been calculated or allocation made (Units All, A12, A13, F10, F20 and L9: 4,779,478 hectares)2 | . | 28,483,477 |
c. Long-term allocation is 91.4% of the annual allowable cut2. Therefore approximately 91.4% of the previous hectares would be allocated to industry3. |
26,033,898 |
|
. | ||
5. Percentage of boreal forest allocated to the forest industry. | ||
a. Of the original boreal forest 63.0%. | ||
b. Of the remaining boreal forest 70.2%4. | ||
6. Amount of boreal forest in which logging, mining and hydro-electric development cannot occur5. | 3,865,900 |
|
a. Of the original boreal forest 9.4%6. |
1
Source: K. Power, Canadian Forest Service.2
Source: D. Price, Alberta Land and Forest Service.3
Estimates do not account for netdown of landbase (e.g., Alberta Special Places; economically, environmentally or physically inaccessible forest lands, other nonforest lands).4
Significant amounts, perhaps most, of the unallocated boreal forest consists of land with low volumes of wood fiber.5
Hectares are for the Foothills, Boreal Forest and Canadian Shield natural regions.Source: World Wildlife Fund database; Alberta Special Places Progress of Special Places website (updated January 19, 1999).
6
Protected hectares almost exclusively from the northern part of the boreal forest (e.g., Wood Buffalo National Park encompasses 3.6 million hectares).Ontario: Allocation of the boreal and Great Lakes St. Lawrence forest to industry and amount of protected status forest. Estimates made from various sources of data.
1. Ownership of the Boreal predominately forest and Great Lakes St. Lawrence Forest Regions landbase1.
Ownership | Hectares | |
Federal Crown | 287,268 | |
First Nation (IR) | 446,732 | |
Provincial Crown | 66,203,290 | |
Private | 9,822,400 | |
Total | 76,759,690 | |
2. Amount of forest landbase under Federal Crown and Provincial Crown ownership | 66,490,558 |
|
. | ||
3. Amount of Crown forest landbase allocated to the forest industry. | ||
a. Inventoried productive Crown forest available to industry2. | 25,046,494 |
|
b. Inventoried productive Crown forest3. | 34,139,500 | |
c. Percentage available/total 73.4%. | ||
d.Inventoried Crown forest landbase (forested and non-forested)3. | 47,895,900 |
|
e. First estimate of Crown forest landbase available to industry (Inventoried Crown forest landbase X 73.4%). | 35,138,897 |
|
f. Net annual allowable cut from a2. | 325,892 | |
g. Planned Crown harvest2. | 314,968 | |
h. Final estimate of Crown forest landbase available to industry (Netted down for planned to allowable)4. | 33,961,030 |
|
4. Percentage of forest landbase allocated to the forest industry. | ||
a. Of the Crown forest 51.1%. | ||
5. Amount of forest in which logging, mining and hydro-electric development cannot occur5. | 3,469,100 |
|
a. Of the Crown forest 5.2%. |
1
Source: Total area calculated from Table 1 of Information Report PI-X-122 (1995. Canadian Forest Service.). Ownership estimated from data in summary of "The Forest Resources of Ontario" (www.mnr.gov.on.ca fmb_info/html) and Table 2.4 of "The Forest Resources of Ontario" (1996. Provided by Mr. Robert Mears of Ontario MNR). Breakdown between Federal Crown and First Nation lands according to percentage in Table 16.20 of Information Report PI-X-115 (1994. Canadian Forest Service.).2
Source: Mr. Richard Raper, Ontario MNR. Estimates based on summation of Five Year Forest Management Plans.3
Table 2.4 of "The Forest Resources of Ontario" (1996. Provided by Mr. Robert Mears of Ontario MNR).
4The forest management planning process also allows for netdowns of the landbase (e.g., for environmentally or economically inaccessible forest lands).
5
Hectares are for all Site Districts exclusive of Regions 1E and 7E and Site Districts 2E1, 2E2, 2W2, 6E13 and 6E15. Source: World Wildlife Fund database. Implications of Living Legacy not considered.16. Changes in Industrial Capacity
Manitoba: Changes in industrial capacity.
Pulpmills, Newsprint and Paperboard
19731 Abitibi Paper Company Ltd. | Pine Falls | 464 tonnes/day newsprint |
Building Products of Canada Ltd. | Winnipeg | 21,800 tonnes/year roofing felt paper |
Manfor Ltd. | The Pas | 327 tonnes/day unbleached kraft paper |
19852 Manfor Ltd. | The Pas | 391 tonnes/day |
Panelboard Mills
1973 Welclad Industries Canada Ltd. | Winnipeg | 37 M ft2/8 hr shift (1/2" basis) fibreboard |
19972 Louisiana-Pacific Canada Ltd. | Minitonas | 450 MM ft2/year (3/8" basis) OSB |
Palliser Furniture Ltd. | Winnipeg | 60 MM ft2/year (3/8" basis) particleboard |
Sawmills (>5 MM Annual Production)
1973 Three sawmills | 327 Mfbm/8 hour shift | |
1985 Five sawmill-planing complexes | 330 Mfbm/8 hour shift (saw); 185 Mfbm/8 hour shift (plane) |
|
19912 Three sawmill-planing complexes | 290 Mfbm/8 hour shift (saw); 315 Mfbm/8 hour shift (plane) |
Note: MM = million; M = thousand; ADMT = air dry metric tonne; fbm = foot board measure.
1
Data represents majority of industrial capacity in 1973. Source: A Directory of Primary Wood-Using Industries in West-Central Canada, 1973.2
Data for 1985, 1991 and 1997 represent notable additions or new capacities for upgrades to capacity since the previously reported year; data for 1997 based on voluntary reporting and may not be complete. Source: Directory of Primary Wood-Using Industries in Manitoba - 1985.; Directory of Primary Wood-Using Industries in Manitoba 1991.; Directory of Primary Wood Using Industries in Manitoba 1998.Saskatchewan: Changes in industrial capacity.
Pulpmills, Newsprint and Paperboard
19731 Prince Albert Pulp Company Ltd. | Prince Albert | 773 tonnes/day bleached sulphate pulp |
Domtar Construction Materials Ltd. | Saskatoon | 40 MM ft2/year (1/2" basis) board |
19922 Weyerhaeuser Canada Ltd.3 | Prince Albert | 960 ADMT/day blended kraft pulp; |
640 ADMT/day paper | ||
Millar Western Pulp Ltd. | Meadow Lake | 700 ADMT/day ctm pulp |
Panelboard Mills
19731 MacMillan Bloedel (Saskatchewan) Ltd. | Hudson Bay | 150 MM ft2/year (3/8" basis) sheathing panel |
19852 Saskatchewan Forest Products Corporation | Hudson Bay | 180 M ft2/8 hour shift (3/8" basis) plywood |
Sawmills (>5 MM Annual Production)
19731 Three sawmills; three planing mills | 362 Mfbm/8 hour shift (saw); | |
138 Mfbm/8 hour shift (plane) | ||
1985 Six sawmill-planing complexes | 635 Mfbm/8 hour shift (saw); | |
555 Mfbm/8 hour shift (plane) | ||
Two planning mills | 105 Mfbm/8 hour shift | |
1992 Four sawmill-planing complexes | 560 Mfbm/8 hour shift (saw); | |
552 Mfbm/8 hour shift (plane) | ||
One planing mill. | 50 Mfbm/8 hour shift |
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Note: MM = million; M = thousand; ADMT = air dry metric tonne; fbm = foot board measure
1
Data represents majority of industrial capacity in 1973. Source: A Directory of Primary Wood-Using Industries in West-Central Canada, 1973.2
Data for 1985 and 1992 represent notable additions or new capacities for upgrades since the previously reported year. Source: A Directory of Primary Wood-Using Industries in Saskatchewan - 1985.; Directory of Primary Wood-Using Industries in Saskatchewan - 1992.3
Weyerhaeuser Canada Ltd. acquired Prince Albert Pulp Company Ltd..Alberta: Changes in industrial capacity.
Pulpmills, Newsprint and Paperboard
19731 Building Products of Canada Ltd. | Edmonton | 23,600 tonnes/year roofing felt paper |
IKO Industries Ltd. | Calgary | 16.4 tonnes/8 hr shift paper; |
65 M ft2/8 hr shift (1/2" basis) board | ||
North Western Pulp and Power Ltd. | Hinton | 180,000 tonnes/year bleached kraft pulp |
Proctor & Gamble Cellulose Ltd. | Grande Prairie | 227,000 tonnes/year bleached kraft pulp |
19922 Alberta Newsprint Company | Whitecourt | 625 tonnes/day newsprint |
Daishowa-Marubeni International Ltd. | Peace River | 1000 ADMT/day bleached kraft pulp |
IKO Industries Ltd. | Calgary | 118 tonnes/8 hr shift paper; |
250 M ft2/8 hr shift (1/2" basis) board | ||
Millar Western Pulp Ltd. | Whitecourt | 700 tonnes/day ctm pulp |
Slave Lake Pulp Corporation | Slave Lake | 350 ADMT/day cmt pulp |
Weldwood of Canada Ltd.3 | Hinton | 1100 ADMT/day bleached kraft pulp |
Weyerhaeuser Canada Ltd.3 | Grande Prairie | 905 tonnes/day bleached kraft pulp |
19952 Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries Inc. | Boyle | 500,000 ADMT/year bleached kraft pulp |
19992 Slave Lake Pulp Corporation | 165,000 ADMT/year ctm pulp |
Panelboard Mills
1973 Crestbrook Forest Industries Ltd. | Fort McLoed | 55 MM ft2/year (3/8" basis) plywood |
North Canadian Forest Industries Ltd. | Grande Prairie | 75 MM ft2/year (3/8" basis) plywood |
Zeidler Plywood Corporation | Edmonton | 70 MM ft2/year (3/8" basis) panels |
Building Products of Canada Ltd. | Wabamum | 54 MM ft2/year (1/2" basis) fibreboard |
1992 Blue Ridge Lumber (1981) Ltd. | Blue Ridge | 123 M ft2/8 hr shift (3/8" basis) fibreboard |
Weyerhaeuser Canada Ltd. | Drayton Valley | 315 MM ft2/year (3/8" basis) OSB |
Weyerhaeuser Canada Ltd. | Edson | 310 MM ft2/year (3/8" basis) OSB |
Zeidler Forest Industries Ltd. | Slave Lake | 166 Mfbm/8 hr shift veneer |
1995 Ainsworth Lumber Co. Ltd. | Grande Prairie | 540 MM ft2/year (3/8" basis) OSB |
Tolko Industries Ltd. | High Prairie | 450 MM ft2/year (3/8" basis) OSB |
Weyerhaeuser Canada Ltd. | Slave Lake | 200 MM ft2/year (3/8" basis) OSB |
1999 West Fraser Mills Ltd.3 | Blue Ridge | 200 MM ft2/year (3/8" basis) fibreboard |
Sawmills (>5 MM Annual Production)
1973 Thirty-two sawmills; eight planing mills | 2,127 Mfbm/8 hour shift (saw); | |
540 Mfbm/8 hour shift (plane) | ||
1992 Thirty-three sawmills and sawmill-planing | 4,641 Mfbm/8 hour shift (saw); | |
complexes; two planing mills | 5,033 Mfbm/8 hour shift (plane) |
Note: MM = million; M = thousand; ADMT = air dry metric tonne; fbm = foot board measure.
1
Data represents majority of industrial capacity in 1973. Source: A Directory of Primary Wood-Using Industries in West-Central Canada, 1973.2
Data for 1992, 1995 and 1999 represent notable additions or new capacities for upgrades since the previously reported year; data for 1995 based on voluntary reporting and may not be complete. Source: Directory of Primary Wood-Using Industries in Alberta 1992; Directory of Primary Wood Products Manufacturing in Alberta - 1995; www.abforestprod.org/3
North Western Pulp and Power Ltd. became Weldwood of Canada Ltd.; Proctor & Gamble Cellulose Ltd. became Weyerhaeuser Canada Ltd.; Blue Ridge Lumber (1981) Ltd. became West Fraser Mills Ltd.